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02. Anamirta cocculus (Linn)
http://bit.ly/18aNCOe
| Description: A large woody, climbing shrub with vertically furrowed ash-coloured bark and glabrous young parts; leaves large, simple, alternate, long-petioled, petioles thickened at the base and apex, broadly ovate, subcoriaceous, cordate or truncate at the base, acute or acuminate, 5-nerved with tufts of hairs in the axils of the nerves except the basal ones; flowers greenish in long panicles, drooping from the nodes of the old wood; fruits drupes, kidney shaped, turning red on ripening. | |
| Propagation: By seeds. | |
| Part Used: Leaves, fruits & seeds. | |
| Chemical Constituents: The seeds contain two alkaloids, menispermine and paramenispermine. Seeds yield fat with a pale yellow colour, an agreeable taste and the following constants: acid val, iod val, sap val, acetyl val, unsapon mater. The fatty acid compostion is as follows: palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic. The unsaponified matter contains sitosterol. | |
| Uses: The fruits are bitter, astringent, thermogenic, expectorant, antifungal, anthelmintic and depurative. They are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and vata, bronchitis, dermatophytosis, foul ulcers, inflammations, flatulence, chronic skin diseases and ringworm. The tender leaves are used by the tribals for the contraction of the uterus immediately alter delivery. |
03 Coscinium fenestratum http://bit.ly/18aNCOe
| Description: Woody climber, roots and stems yellow inside. Stem-bark longitudinally fluted, whitish-grey in colour. Leaves alternate coriaceous, shining above, minutely whitish tomentose beneathl petiole long, inserted not far from the bae of laminal basal nerves 3-5. Inflorescence in paniculate raceme, borne in the mdl of fallen leaves, flowers unisexual Drupe globose. | |
| Propagation: By seeds and vegetative methods. | |
| Part Used: Stems and roots. | |
| Chemical Constituents: The stems and the roots contain the alkaloid berberine l.5�3%. | |
| Uses: Berberine is antibacterial. The stem, the roots and the purified berberine are used in treating diarrhoea, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, jaundice, pyrexia and dyspepsia. An eye- lotion berberine chloride is effective for opthalmia. |
04. Cissampelos pareira (Linn) http://bit.ly/18aNCOe
| Description: Twining perennial shrub; leaves reniform, orbicular or cordate, 4.5 by 6.5 cm, peltate, chartaceous, 5- to 7 nerved, pubescent, base cordate or truncate; male inflorescene pendent type; flowers greenish; female inflorescence in thyroid clusters; fruits red when ripe, subtended by the conspicuous auricular bracts. | |
| Propagation: | |
| Part Used: Root, bark, leaves | |
| Chemical Constituents: Alkaloid sepurine, bebeerine, cessampeline; pelosine or bebeerine present in the root; plant extract contains saponine and abundance of quartenary ammonium bases; alkaloid hyatin, hyatinin and a quercitol and sterol isolated from the roots; hytain methodide (and methochloride) possesses almost equal degree of curari from activity as of δ-tubecurine. | |
| Uses:
bladder diseases, Bright's Disease, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, fever,
indigestion, kidney inflammation, urinary diseases. |
